Thursday, March 31, 2011

Top Glove stretching valuations

Top Glove Corp Bhd
(March 30, RM5.30)
Maintain hold at RM5.28 with revised target price RM5.10 (from RM4.55):
Latex cost has rebounded to the pre-Japan earthquake level of RM10.35 per kg. We reduce our FY11 earnings per share (EPS) forecast by 8% after we trim our sales volume assumption by 3%. Though Top Glove is trading at 15 times CY12 price-earnings ratio [PER] (above its five-year historical average of 13 times), we think short-term interest in the stock will sustain owing to expectations of falling latex costs in May.

We reiterate our “hold” call and adjust our target price upwards to RM5.10 (from RM4.55) as we roll forward our discounted cash flow valuation.

The tumble in latex cost (-14% on the fourth day after the March 11 quake) proved to be a knee-jerk reaction to the catastrophe  in Japan. Latex cost has rebounded strongly by 21% to RM10.35 per kg (from the earthquake low), slightly above the pre-earthquake level.

In our view, the rebound was due to: (i) Japan accounting for only 7% of global latex demand; (ii) latex supply is still in a deficit position on current low production season; and (iii) major producers’ definitive actions in shoring up prices — the Thai government has set a floor rate for rubber sheet (rubber in its original form, before processing to latex) at 120 baht (RM12) per kg.

At the current latex cost level, Top Glove’s glove pricing quotation remains unfavourable to latex gloves (circa 80% of sales volume), relative to nitrile. Low-quality powdered latex glove is quoted at US$35 (RM106) per 1,000 pieces (on par to nitrile glove) and PF latex is at a 13% premium to nitrile.

We understand that the company did not see any sales recovery when latex cost tumbled as distributors were hoping for much lower latex prices. Though we expect orders to pick up strongly after May (post “wintering” season), our previous assumption for sales volume to rebound 30% half-on-half in 2HFY11 was too bullish. We reduce our FY11 sales volume forecast by 3% leading to an 8% downgrade to FY11 EPS.

We make no change to our FY12/13 numbers. We maintain our “hold” rating on Top Glove and adjust our target price (TP) upward to RM5.10 (from RM4.55) as we roll forward our discounted cash flow valuation. Our new TP implies 18.2 times CY11 PER valuations, close to its 18.7 times, one standard deviation above its historical mean. — Maybank IB Research, March 30


This article appeared in The Edge Financial Daily, March 31, 2011.

My Stock Portfolio 16 March 2010

My stock portfolio review date 16 March 2010.. After revise my portfolio performance compare to previous couple of month 8.5% profit, my whole portfolio slide to 2.9% loss.. Stock market is in the correction mode as the natural disaster earth quake, tsunami and nuclear radioactive issue in Japan and libya social unrest at Middle East caused the market in the depression and investor take profit to stay sideline. Some economists even predict the world economy might heading back into 2nd recession again.


YTLPOWR  Stay range bound between 2.22 to 2.29 throughout the whole month. Compare to couple of month, the stock price slid 6.53% and remain firm at range in between 2.22 - 2.3. Main reason for under performing share price is becoz of lower quarter dividend declared. The stock current P/E stay at 12x and dividend yield is around 5.7%. The group profit remain strong except the start up loss for Wimax business but manage to secure 100K++ subscribers within 3 months. The catalysts will be first Android phone on June for its Wimax Business to lure more subscriber and extension on PPA negotiation with TNB which expired on 2015. Acquired additional 1 share at 2.23. Will continue hold for long term as I am confident with its management team. The management team have good foresight and able to seize busienss opportunities. If its share price drop below 2.2, i will start accumulating again.. Making profit 36% return since acquisition..


KNM. Oil & Gas counter remain good pick in the market as the crude oil price exceed USD100 per barrel due to social unrest libra that lower the crude oil production plus the government plan to have a lot of new projects that boost the oil & gas sector especially exploration of new oil field development. More contact will be awarded to local oil & gas sector and better earning prospect have boost their share price.. KNM order book now stand at 5.4billions which is record high but its share price tumble 17% compare to previous month. Recently, KNM declared 3 cents final dividend. My thought is KNM has started to recover and the profit improving as the capacity and utilisation rate increase with more contracts secured globally. Making loss 49% since acquisition.


Genting, Share price drop 15.1% compare to previous month. Genting remain the top performer in my stock portfolio. Following better earning prospect from Genting Malaysia (UK casino and New york new gaming business slot machine construction completed ahead schedule), genting share price still reasonable compare to regional peer with P/E around 13.6 where by genting singapore P/E 22 and macau gaming P/E 23. The group decleare 4.8 cents dividend for current quarter profit. Make profit 68% return since acqusition. Genting Malaysia New York gaming slot machine business will start by end of this year and will contribute to group earning next year.


MEGB, Share price drop a lot around 22% compare to previous couple of month. Foreign fund like FMC and small cap fund keep selling its stake. The share price retrace from 2.15 since august last year to lowest 1.76. Some local fund like insider asia still holding masterskill share as the stock remain undervalue and potential upside is high. The foundamental remain inact where by the new campus and course obtain approval from relevant authorities and earning growth remain high. Its current quarter profit was strong with P/E around 6-7 and the dividend yield is high around 7-8% based on current price. Continue hold until it return to IPO level. Making loss 22% since acqusition.


OSKVI - Share price decline 16.9% compare to previous couple of month. Making loss 85% since acqusition.Waiting for cut loss.

Stock NameShares Quantity
KNM1.25
YTL Power4.452
Genting 0.5
OSK VI0.5
MEGB2

Wednesday, March 30, 2011

Masterskill Declared 7.9 cents final dividend payout

 Source: The Edge   |   Publish date: Thu, 31 Mar 08:25

 KUALA LUMPUR: Masterskill Education Group Bhd shares rose on Thursday, March 31 after it recommended a final single tier dividend of 7.9 sen per 20 sen share for the financial year ended Dec 31, 2010.

At 9.25am, Masterskill was up six sen to RM1.91 with 1.61 million shares traded.

It said on Wednesday, March 30 the dividends would be payable on June 15. The group had on Oct 13, 2010, completed the distribution of an interim dividend of seven sen per share to the shareholders.

The total of 14.9 sen per share dividend for 2010 will represent a total payout of 60% of its net profit, equivalent to RM61 million.

OSK Research maintains Trading Buy on Masterskill, unch FV RM3.44

Price Target date: 31/03/2011   |  Source: OSK 

KUALA LUMPUR: OSK Research is maintaining a Trading Buy on Masterskill Education Group Bhd (MEGB) at an unchanged FV of RM3.44 at 12x FY11 PER.

It said on Thursday, March 31 the stock is currently trading at an alluring FY11 PER of 6.4x, the cheapest in its coverage, with dividend yield of'' more than 7% p.a.

'With the stock's valuation at its trough, we believe that any further downside risks are unlikely and hence we see this as an opportune time to accumulate. Its key re-rating catalysts are more affirmative indications in relation to PTPTN's loan allocation and the potential approval of courses at its new Kuching campus,' it said.
 

http://klse.i3investor.com/servlets/fdnews/195225.jsp

Addressing energy needs

Written by Financial Daily 
Wednesday, 30 March 2011 11:11


Power sector
The Malaysian government has announced plans to build two nuclear power plants with 1,000 MW capacity each, with the first plant ready for operation in 2021. The move has sparked off protests from various organisations, especially after the recent nuclear disaster in Japan. We believe the government’s plan for nuclear plants will be delayed. The government is also unlikely to go ahead with unpopular programmes ahead of the upcoming election.

Given that power from the Bakun hydroelectric station in Sarawak would not come to Peninsular Malaysia, Tenaga is developing a new 1,000 MW coal-fired power plant on its existing power plant site in Manjung, Perak. Another1,000MW new coal plant will be awarded to either MMC or Jimah Power over the next two to three months.

We gather that two out of the five first-generation independent power producers (IPPs) — YTLP, Sime Darby, Genting, MMC and Tanjong — have agreed to the preliminary terms proposed by the government to extend power purchase agreements (PPAs). We believe deferment of nuclear plant development and commissioning of new gas facilities in Melaka will speed up the first-gen PPA negotiation given the increased gas supply.

PPA extension is a win-win situation for both Tenaga and IPPs, as Tenaga will secure reliable supply at the relatively low replacement cost, while IPPs will see upside in earnings from extension that is not reflected in their valuations.

Rising coal prices will be a drag on Tenaga’s FY12F earnings, but we expect a base tariff hike to take effect in FY12F after the general election. Tenaga’s current depressed valuation offers good entry point for stronger earnings ahead.

YTLP is a “hold” for potential upside from PPA renegotiation. Assuming the returns are at 50% of the existing PPAs, the PPA extension will still enhance YTLP’s FY16F earnings before interest and tax by about RM90 million a year (6% of FY11F net profit) with an assumed capex of RM100 million per annum. We have a “hold” call for Petgas for upside from re-gasification project and 4% yield. — HwangDBS Vickers Research, March 29


This article appeared in The Edge Financial Daily, March 30, 2011.

Monday, March 28, 2011

Rubber gloves: Much ado about latex

Written by Financial Daily 
Monday, 28 March 2011 11:34


Rubber gloves sector
Maintain overweight:
Although Top Glove and Supermax have different views on the direction of latex prices in the short term, both agree that the commodity’s price should be lower than now by year-end.

Top Glove believes that since the rubber plantations in some areas are still undergoing the wintering season, the latex price should resume its uptrend towards the year high of RM10.90/kg.

Supermax, on the other hand, thinks that the recent rebound was the consequence of latex suppliers, who could not accept the recent sharp fall in latex price, resorting to cutting latex supply. However, from April onwards, Supermax expects the price to drop by 50 sen each month and reach RM5.50/kg by December 2011.

It is our view that whether short-term or long-term, the latex price may not go up much further from its year high of RM10.90/kg, even if it breaks this resistance level. We think speculation from here on will subside after the 21% crash in latex price.

Also, we think that latex supply will continue to increase because: (i) the wintering season for most rubber trees will be over soon; (ii) the flooding in Thailand has eased as the weather improves; (iii) the Japanese automotive industry is expected to slow down after the crippling earthquake, which would crimp tyre demand and ultimately affect natural rubber demand; and (iv) more natural rubber latex will now be available since some rubber glove manufacturers have been switching to nitrile gloves.

We do not discount the possibility the oil price shooting past its record high of US$147 (RM444) per barrel given the continuing turmoil in the Middle East and the US intervention in recent days. We believe that the prices of all commodities will spike up, including that of latex.

Maintain “overweight”. Our top picks are Top Glove Corp Bhd, Supermax Corp Bhd and Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd. Besides the fundamental reason for a potential fall in latex price, we think the share prices of these three companies have bottomed after correcting by 30% to 40% from their year highs and have experienced minimal sell-off since 4Q10, despite being hit by: (i) rising latex price to an all-time high of RM10.90/kg; (ii) unrest in the Middle East; and (iii) crash in the Japanese stock market. Hence, we think the downside risk is now limited and are advising investors to gradually accumulate on weakness.

We expect their share prices to recover once latex price begins on a downtrend and when the US dollar strengthens against the ringgit. — OSK Research, March 25

Sunday, March 27, 2011

Under-performing stocks boost yields

Written by Insider Asia 
Friday, 25 March 2011 11:43

Recent selldown lowers valuations and raises yields for Masterskill
Another stock expected to offer investors higher-than-market average yield, driven by the sharp decline in its share price is Masterskill Education Group Bhd.

The stock has fallen well off its peak of RM4.25 last year, depressed by a confluence of factors. These include uncertainty over potential cutbacks in the National Higher Education Fund Corp (PTPTN) loan scheme, selldown by foreign investors as well as some delays in the opening of its new campuses. Still, despite its share price weakness, the company’s earnings have met market expectations. Revenue was up 15% to RM315.7 million in 2010 while net profit grew 5% to RM102.1 million or 24.9 sen per share.

Its outlook appears upbeat. The education industry, as a whole, is widely viewed as recession-proof and prospects for growth are good. The company, which offers a wide range of higher education and training services in nursing and health services, expects to maintain earnings growth on the back of campus expansion plans and rising student numbers. It recently secured approval for programmes for its new campuses in Kuching and Seri Alam, Johor, from the Higher Education Ministry. In a related development, the government recently indicated that repayments for study loans under the PTPTN have improved in the past three years. This bodes well for Masterskill. The national fund is in deep deficit, raising concerns on its future funding capability — which is the primary source of financing for the majority of students undertaking Masterskill courses.

Some of the measures undertaken include the transfer of loan collection responsibility to the Internal Revenue Department last May, so that repayments could be made through salary deductions. PTPTN is also developing a loan management system, to be completed next year, to further improve and enhance repayments.

Masterskill targets to pay out 50%-60% of net profit
Masterskill has a relatively generous dividend policy, with a target payout of 50%-60% of annual net profit. We estimate dividends to total 13.6 sen per share for the current year, assuming a 50% earnings payout. That would translate into an attractive net yield of 7.3% at the prevailing price of RM1.85.

Steady cashflow from operations and a strong balance sheet would support both the company’s expansion plans and dividend payout. Net cash totalled RM99.4 million at end-2010 or roughly 24.3 sen per share.

The recent selldown has driven Masterskill’s valuations lower — forward P/E estimated at just about 6.8 times — well below that of peers HELP International Corp Bhd and SEG International Bhd as well as the broader market’s average valuations.

Kossan ventures into cleanroom gloves

Written by Melody Song
Friday, 25 March 2011 14:58

KUALA LUMPUR: Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd has proposed an acquisition of a 51% stake in Cleanera HK Ltd from Inout Enterprise and Soode Optik Pte Ltd for US$3.06 million (RM9.27 million) in order to venture into clean-room gloves.

In a reply to a query by Bursa Malaysia yesterday, Kossan said Inout held 1.46 million Cleanera shares while Soode Optik had 158,300 shares respectively.

According to Kossan, cleanroom gloves yielded higher value-added gloves that would complement its core business of manufacturing and selling examination and medical gloves.

“The current facilities of Cleanera provide immediate services to the above cleanroom gloves,” it said.

On Wednesday, Kossan said it expected the acquisition to contribute positively towards its future earnings.

It added that the purchase consideration had not been paid yet, and based on the prevailing rate, the total sum would be RM9.29 million. “The latest time frame for full settlement is June 30, 2011,” it said, adding that the purchase would be financed by internally generated funds.

Cleanera is a private limited company based in Hong Kong principally involved in manufacturing clean-room products such as masks, wipes and gloves, while Inout Enterprise and Soode Optik are private companies based in Singapore.

“The unaudited management accounts of Cleanera for the year ended Dec 31, 2010 has a net worth of US$3 million,” said Kossan, adding that Cleanera was entitled to five trademarks in China, Japan, Malaysia and Singapore.

A glove analyst said it represented a good move for Kossan as a foray into clean-room gloves was a move up the value chain.

“Cleanroom gloves are high-end than the regular natural rubber gloves,” said the analyst, adding that at RM9.3 million, Kossan would be able to afford the acquisition.

Based on its balance sheet as at Dec 31, 2010, Kossan has a gearing of about 0.15 times as its borrowings stand at RM159.16 million while cash and bank balances are RM89.89 million.

For FY10 ended Dec 31, Kossan posted earnings of RM118.59 million on revenue of RM1.05 billion, which represented an improved year-on-year performance from net profit of RM67.34 million on revenue of RM842.14 million previously.

At present, Top Glove Corp Bhd also produces cleanroom gloves, which are used in laboratories and server rooms.

According to Top Glove’s website, cleanroom gloves provide contamination protection for the semiconductor, electronic, aerospace and biotech industries.

Wednesday, March 23, 2011

分享锦集:保罗盖帝十问

《华尔街投资者》塑造投资理念
1.反向:股票是应在股市低沉时才买进的。
2.买股票就是买公司的资产与业务。
3.只有长期投资才有可能在股市赚钱。
4.投机是麻烦的开始。

满意答案才买

保罗盖帝说,在买时股票之前,每一名投资者都要回答十个问题,只有得到满意的答案时才应该买进,这十个问题为:

1.公司的历史反映它是不是一家坚实及信誉卓著的公司,是否拥有能干、有效率及经验丰富的管理层?

2.公司所生产的产品,或是所提供的服务,是不是在可以预见的将来,继续有需求?

3.公司所从事的行业,是否过于“拥挤”?公司是否具有竞争能力?

4.公司是否有远见的策略,不从事过分及危险性的扩展?

5.公司的账目,是否经得起严格及公正审计师的查账?

6.公司是否有令人满意的业绩纪录?

7.公司是否定期派发合理的股息?如果偶然停发股息,是否有合乎情理的理由?

8.公司的长短期债务,是否在安全的范围内?

9.在过去数年中,公司股价是否波动激烈,而又难以解释?

10.每股净资产价值是否高过股价?

保罗盖帝坚持,除非你能对这“十问”找到满意的答案,你就不应买进其股票。

他信心十足的说:经过严格筛选的股票,是最好的投资。

长期的持有,可以致富。

Tuesday, March 22, 2011

YTL Power’s high dividends in doubt

Written by Financial Daily
Tuesday, 22 March 2011 11:33


YTL Power International Bhd
(March 21, RM2.29)
Maintain market perform at RM2.31 with fair value at RM2.57:
YTL Communications finally unveiled two new Yes devices early this month — the Samsung Buzz mobile phone and the Zoom router. Our initial impressions of the Buzz are less than favourable mainly due to: 1) smaller than-average screen size; 2) lack of applications; 3) keypad being too small; and 4) a not-so-friendly user interface. We welcome the news that YTL Comms plans to launch Android smartphones in June, given their rising popularity.

The new Valuepacks offer competitive rates for heavy data users, as not only do they enjoy bigger savings, they also receive free voice calls and SMS to any mobile number.

However, for mobility, we believe the fact that a user must use the Samsung Buzz to enjoy the free voice minutes and SMS is a serious dampener. Otherwise, you need to login using a Yes ID to a non-handset device (such as a desktop or laptop) to utilise the freebies. However, this means a lack of convenience and/or mobility.

We are somewhat concerned with YTL Power’s lower-than-expected second interim single tier dividend per share (DPS) of 1.875 sen (we had forecast 3.75 sen).

After further discussions with its management, we were still unable to get a clear sense of the level of future dividend payouts.

Preferring to remain conservative, we have cut our FY11 DPS forecast from 13.1 sen to 9.4 sen. Thus, we only expect YTL Power to subsequently declare a third interim and final dividend of only 1.875 sen/share each. We believe management is looking to conserve cash, as YTL Comms plans to spend more to boost coverage.

The risks include: 1) unfavourable forex movements, which will adversely affect the translation of foreign earnings; 2) potential change in competitive landscape under the National Energy Plan; and 3) execution risk and poor subscriber numbers for WiMAX.

We have left our earnings forecasts unchanged.

We have maintained our sum-of-parts-derived fair value on YLT Power at RM2.57. Without the management’s assurance regarding future dividends, we believe YTL Power may lose a bit of shine since the key investment thesis for the stock has historically been high dividend yields. For FY11, we now expect YTL Power to only offer a relatively mediocre gross dividend yield of 5.5% (FY10: 7.6%). — RHB Research, March 21

This article appeared in The Edge Financial Daily, March 22, 2011.

Friday, March 18, 2011

股神巴菲特给我们的四点启示

来源:理财教室 文章点击数:1073 关键字:

我们现在开始讲巴菲特,大家都知道巴菲特是一个股神,为什么这么说呢,因为巴菲特
创造了三个神话,一个是投资神话,从1965到2000年,巴菲特投资收益超过3650倍,也就是说我们在座各位只要给巴菲特一万块钱,过四十年,巴菲特就还给三千六百多万;第二个是财富,巴菲特从1956年从100美元起家,到现在积累了五百多亿元的财富,也接近四千亿人民币,是仅次于比尔盖茨的富翁;第三个,是巴菲特宣布将个人资产的85%也就是400多亿美元全部捐献给慈善事业。即便菲特是这样一个古怪人,但他的这种精神还是值得我们大家学习的。 



巴菲特从1956年开始到现在已经做了50多年股市,一生经历过无数次的牛市和熊市。有人说一生中经历一次大牛市就是幸运,而巴菲特一生经历了四次大牛市,巴菲特在这四次大牛市中,他是如何正确应对呢,保证了自己取得长期稳定的业绩。在这里我给大家一一分析。



从1956年开始到1966年这十年,巴菲特收益是11倍,而这10年美国大盘的涨幅是1.26%,也就是说巴菲特投资收益远远超过大盘。这时候巴菲特就迎来了自己人生的第一次收益。从1967到1980年,美国股市大幅度上涨,涨了40%,突破了一千点大关,交易量也是大幅度上升,日平均交易量比十年前猛涨了六倍。当时的股市也是非常的疯狂,疯狂到什么地步,收益率都很高,例如IBM收益高达39倍,雅芳高达96倍。





这时候的巴菲特非常痛苦,也非常苦恼,因为当时股票收益率非常高,要找便宜的股票找不到,他想买,但是买不到便宜的股票。他就在家里面左思右想,整整想了半年,到1965年,他说股市太高了,尽管明天股票都在狂涨,买哪一支股票都会赚钱,但是这种方式短期是可以的,但是长期肯定是会亏本的,但是这种方式不是我很擅长的驾驭方式,当市场以我所擅长的方式运转,我就可以操作。所以他就和他的投资合伙人说:我要解散公司,你们委托我管理的股票,我要退出交易,现在的市场环境我根本无法预计,我无法以不擅长的方式来经营,我不想让以前十年创下的辉煌业绩受到损坏,所以巴菲特就把公司解散了,可以说他的决策非常的果断,因为从下半年开始大盘就从1000点跌到了800点,第二年大盘又继续下跌,反正是跌幅过半。那么巴菲特在大盘暴涨的时候退出股市给我们什么样的启示呢,两个字“反贪”,因为在当时人人都在不同程度的买入,而巴菲特呢,不贪,不赚到最后一块钱。第二点他没有到最高位,而是在之前就已经考虑到。巴菲特为什么在别人贪的时候,他反而没有一丝恐惧的心呢,为什么在别人贪婪的时候,而巴菲特反贪呢,因为贪婪必定导致灭亡,上帝要想你灭亡,首先就是要你疯狂,疯狂必定是每个人都很贪婪。巴菲特喜欢给大家讲这样一个故事,说是有一个炒股高手,走到天堂门口,上帝对他说:对不起,现在天堂里面分给股票投资高手的房间已经被占满了,你先请回去吧。这个人想想了说:上帝我有一个请求,我能不能到天堂和我的同行们说一句话,上帝说行呀。于是这个人就来到天堂里面股票投资高手住的院子里面大喊了一声:地狱发现大牛股,紧接着所有的投资高手纷纷投奔而出,向地域跑去,上帝这时候说: “你高,现在你随便进吧。”这个人摇了摇头说:“他们去地狱这么久了还没有回来,说不定地狱真的有大牛股呢,我也去。”请注意了,为什么那么多人会跟着去呢,因为贪婪,如果你在大牛市里面明显发现很多股票已经达到高点,你还在随波逐流,到最后一块钱的大牛市的时候,要反贪再反弹。


巴菲特又遇到了第二次大牛市,其实这个大牛市是第一次大牛市的延续,在1970年大盘迅速下跌以后,到1971年、1972年大盘仍然是联系大幅上涨,上涨到什么程度?大盘的幅度都有人的高度,当时有所谓的漂亮股,就是说这个股票的收益率高达80倍,就是说投资这个股票要过80年才能收益,巴菲特 1966年解散公司以后,他手中只持有一家公司的股票,他是这家公司的第一代股东,巴菲特所有的身家都投到这家公司里面,他手头全部是现金,基本上没有什么股票,当时巴菲特手里面16%都是股票,84%都是现金和债券,到最后都找不到股票,巴菲特就像好色的小伙子来到一个荒芜无人的荒岛,想买股票,就是买不到,巴菲特还是想买股票,他就一直忍着等待机会,结果到1973年,当时所有的漂亮股票开始大幅度的下跌,股票从一千点跌到八百多点。1974年,两年时间大盘跌了40%,从最高的一千到跌到580点,跌幅高达40%,这时候所有的华尔街没有人愿意买股票,这时候大多数人在抛股,这时候从1966年退出股市的巴菲特,1970年没有事干,1971年没有事干,1972年没有事干,连续三年什么事都没有干的巴菲特回来了,这时候华尔街上很多股票的收益率只有个位数或者说十位数。巴菲特说,他就像好色的小伙子来到女儿国一样,买股票的好机会到了,巴菲特大量买入,接下来大盘迅速上涨,大盘涨了60%,巴菲特赚了80%,为什么巴菲特赚得比大盘多的多呢?第二次大牛市给巴菲特什么启示呢,因为他认为大盘肯定会有大调,在大跌跌到最低的时候,跌到人人都不敢买股票的时候,我们应该做什么呢,就是买入,在非常便宜的时候买进,这时候一旦大盘反弹,就会赚很多,这是巴菲特第二次大牛市给我们的启示。 




接下来巴菲特又遇到了第四次大牛市,就是离我们最近的一次大牛市,就是1999年
,从1994年到1998年美国股市上涨了2.5倍,这波大牛市,最主要的推动力是网络股、科技股,那时候网络股的收益率高得不得了,一上去就涨很多倍。这时候牛市达到顶峰,就是说1999年大盘上涨了2.1%,而巴菲特他的收益率是多少呢,只有0.5%,这是巴菲特历史上投资业绩最差的一次,为什么呢,因为巴菲特他的股票是可口可乐这些传统行业股,巴菲特的网络股、科技股一支都没有买,这时候他的股东开股东大会纷纷指责他,你为什么不买科技股呢,很多报刊都在批评他,说巴菲特过时了,不灵了。巴菲特听到批评和置疑的时候,一动不动,结果到2000年美国股市开始下跌,2001年股市继续下跌,2003年继续下跌,连续三年股市跌幅超过一半,而巴菲特这三年赚了10%,也就是说他以60%的优势高于大盘,原来网络股、科技股泡沫出现了,而巴菲特重仓持有的股票,由于业绩稳定,股价重新得到市场的认可,股价反而得到了提升。巴菲特后来又解释到,在大牛市里面网络股、科技股,他为什么一股都不买呢,他说他的投资策略就是具有长期经营优势,持有这些超级明星公司的股票,才能长期赚钱,而能够持有长期具有竞争公司的极少,对于那些网络股、科技股能够改变人类和社会的命运,但是我无法确定网络公司、科技公司未来得竞争优势如何?我们大家想想,十年之前,你能想到电脑是现在的VIP吗,十年之前你能想到网络能这么发达吗?所以巴菲特管理的公司,一股科技股都没有买,不过他自己破例买了100股微软公司的股票。比尔盖茨是第一首富,巴菲特是第二首富,两人年纪差了很多,但是两个人是好朋友。有一天比尔盖茨问巴菲特,我的公司业绩这么好,为什么我的股票你一股也不买?巴菲特就说,我想问一下,你能确定再过十年软件会是什么样呢,你能确定再过十年网络是什么样的,你能确定再过十年电脑是什么样子吗?比尔盖茨说,我也不能确定,因为这个行业发展太快了,巴菲特说你既然无法预测,我为什么能相信你的公司呢,我不敢购买你公司的股票,但是咱俩是好朋友,我个人可以买。那么总结巴菲特遇到的第四次大牛市,他给我们什么启示呢,还是反动。即使在大牛市里面,你不要去买那些没有把握的股票,不能长期持有没有信心的股票,只有你比较有把握的股票才能长期持有。


那么又过了十来年,巴菲特预见了第三次大牛股,第三次大牛市是在1987年,从1984年到1986年美国股市狂涨,为什么这么说呢,涨了2.46 倍,而且1984年前面八个月,大盘又上涨了40%,这时候人人都知道股票高,但还在买股票,有钱不赚是傻蛋。这时候巴菲特就非常的冷静,他分析说:现在的大牛市即使下跌50%也不好奇,这是正常。巴菲特从1984年,就是大牛市建立的前两年,就开始抛股票,到1987年大牛市建立起来,巴菲特基本上把所有的股票都抛掉,全部抛掉,一股不留,除了三支股票之外,这三支股票是永远都不卖,就像我们股市流传的一首歌一样“死了都不卖”,这三支股票是美国广播公司股票,XX保险公司的股票,和华盛顿邮报的股票,1987年10月19号,大盘一夜之间下跌了五百多点,跌幅高达22.6%,相当于我们现在的股市一天下跌一千点,巴菲特的情况如何,巴菲特一天损失了3.42亿,相当于人民币25亿。他手下的员工在那一天看到巴菲特静静坐在办公室里面看资料,非常的平静,只是中间出来了一次告诉他的属下该干什么就干什么,接着回办公室继续看资料。可以说巴菲特是整个美国唯一没有关注大盘大跌的人,让大家没有想到的是10月份刚刚出现大跌,到年底的时候,大盘又迅速反弹,这一年下来,大盘还上涨了5%,一九八几年,尽管有一千股,大盘还上涨了5%,而巴菲特赚了多少呢,是20%,又是远远高于大盘,在接下来的1982-1985年美国股市上涨了48%,而巴菲特的业绩是64%,都远远战胜大盘,这就是因为他的三支重仓股一次都没有动过。巴菲特预见到第三次大牛市给我们什么启示呢两个字“反动”,就是说在大牛市里面不能看有的股票涨的最快,就买哪个,也不能说股票大跌,就抛,就是说对有些股票要一动不动。巴菲特为什么对这些股票长期持有一动不动呢,因为要想长期的拥有他,就是要长期持有业内非常优秀,竞争优势比较好的好公司的股票。巴菲特说投资的秘诀在于可以归结于一句话,选好一家竞争优势非常强的具有长期竞争优势的公司,长期持有。巴菲特另外说的一句话,我喜欢持有一支股票的时候是永远,为什么呢?因为巴菲特自己发现过,我用屁股赚的钱比我用脑袋赚的钱更多,这时候有人就笑了。但是各位想想,在过去中国股市五六年里面,从2000年开始是大熊市,到现在前面两年又是大熊市,大家肯定是买了这支股票,卖了那支股票,每天都是绞尽脑汁买来买去,如果你买了茅台,就坐在这些大牛股上面,一动不动,要比你绞尽脑汁赚得多得多呢,这时候是不是屁股赚得钱比脑袋赚得钱多呢,这是巴菲特在第三次大牛市给我们的启示,就是反动。


那么我们回头总结一下,巴菲特碰到第四次大股市时给我们的投资启示,第一点是在大牛市过于贪婪的时候,我们大家反而要反贪。第二点是在大牛市之后,大调整,当别的股民不敢买股票的时候,我们要买入,在第三次和第四次大牛市的时候,我们认为有把握有信心的股票,要长期持有,一点不动。那么巴菲特既反贪,又反恐,又反动,为什么他总是能做到这三反,是完全相反的途径,有三个原则,可以给大家总结一下:第一条是巴菲特有一个坚定的心跳,我们每个人买股票的时候,看到这个股票在涨,我就买,那个股票在跌,我就抛,巴菲特又反贪,又反恐,他判断的不是价格,而是这家公司的价值,对于股价明显过高的股票,就是不买,对于股价很低的股票,就是没有人买,巴菲特也坚决买入,这就是反扑,对自己有信心,未来能连续上涨几十倍的股票,因为这个股票还没有涨到位,这就是反动,第二条巴菲特他不做短线,我们是做短线投资,而巴菲特是长线投资。巴菲特持有的股票只有三十年,大家知道赚了多少钱吗?两百多倍。所以要做长线,不要频繁买卖。第三条不要盲目跟从,要独立思考,我们很多人都希望看别人怎么办,我们怎么办。我们喜欢的是成功,而我们很多父母都教育子女:你看人家怎么样,站在大多数人这边是肯定没有错的,有时可能站在大多数人这边是正确的,但是也有时站在大多数人这边也会错误,我给大家举一个例子,就是巴菲特讲过这样一个故事,旅鼠的故事。旅鼠是生活在靠近北极村这一代的鼠类动物,这种旅鼠有一个特点,一窝能生十三四个,而且这些小老鼠再过三四个月又能生一窝小老鼠,而在北极村老鼠太多了,这些旅鼠就从下面迁徙,从北极村跑到冰山悬崖的边缘,前面的老鼠就纷纷往大海里面跳,后面的老鼠也跟着前面的老鼠往大海里面跳,你就会看到茫茫的大海一大片雪,一大群老鼠往大海里面跳。巴菲特告诉我们,在大牛市,你盲目跟着前面的人就是投海自尽而已。



巴菲特在投资中,之所以能够赚钱,第一个是要求正确思考,第二是独立思考,而我们大多数人都喜欢参考别人,因此我希望大家今天听了我的课之后,回忆一下巴菲特在大牛市反贪、反恐、反动,因为他总是可以独立思考,能够做到反扑,所以我也希望各位在大牛市里面的投资决策是否适合你的,是正确的,而不要盲目跟从,这也是巴菲特给我们最后的一个启示,就是反思反思再反思,谢谢大家。


Thursday, March 17, 2011

Hektar REIT: No new assets and pressure within Subang

Written by The Edge Financial Daily   
Thursday, 17 March 2011 11:52

Hektar REIT
(March 16, RM1.28)
Downgrade to hold at RM1.30 with fair value RM1.32: We downgrade our rating on Hektar from “buy” to “hold” with our fair value revised to RM1.32 (from RM1.23 previously), based on a 30% discount to our revised discounted cash flow valuation of RM1.89, as we roll out our valuations to FY11F. At our fair value, this translates to a yield of 8.6% and 451 basis points spread over the 10-year Malaysian Government Securities (MGS) yield of 4.09%.

While the REIT is fundamentally sound, our “hold” rating is mainly premised on the lack of news flow on the asset acquisition front. Hektar has identified a few assets to be injected into the REIT but no deal has been concluded. Management has indicated that most of the vendors are not willing to part with their assets at this juncture.

We are cautious about the competition faced by its main asset, Subang Parade — which provided 51% of the portfolio’s net operating income (NOI) last year. Recall that Subang Parade suffered a 3% year-on-year drop to 7.5 million in visitor traffic in FY10 as it was affected by the opening of a new mall within the vicinity, Empire Shopping Gallery (ESG).

Although these two malls ought to complement each other, and while ESG is going through a honeymoon period — new malls tend to see strong visitor traffic in the first few months — we still believe ESG is more appealing to households within the area due to the changing lifestyle and rising disposable income.

Nonetheless, we expect visitor traffic in Subang Parade to improve with the scheduled opening of an eight-screen cinema in June this year — in time for the summer blockbusters — given that it will be the only cinema in Subang Jaya. The cinema will be taking over the space vacated by Toys ‘R’ Us last year.

On the flip side, we expect the performance of Mahkota and Wetex Parade to remain decent given that asset enhancements at both malls have been completed. We expect Mahkota and Wetex Parade to contribute 37% and 18%, respectively to its NOI for FY11F/FY13F, respectively.

The REIT remains sound with a healthy diversification within the portfolio. Parkson remains the largest contributor to the portfolio, contributing 11% while no other tenant contributes more than 3% to the REIT. In addition, 63% of FY11F’s rental income is already secured.

We slash our earnings estimates by 9% to 11% to RM40 million to RM41 million for FY11F/FY12F and we introduce FY13F earnings at RM45 million. We have taken into account the expected inclusion of the cinema, accounting for a six-month contribution in FY11F. Our earnings for FY11F/FY12F will also be underpinned by a 4% to 8% increase in NOI for the whole portfolio. — AmResearch, March 16

Wednesday, March 16, 2011

Top Glove 2Q net profit falls 63% to RM25.41m

Written by Surin Murugiah of theedgemalaysia.com  
Wednesday, 16 March 2011 13:45

KUALA LUMPUR: TOP GLOVE CORPORATION BHD [] net profit for the second quarter ended Feb 28, 2011 fell 63.9% to RM25.41 million from RM70.53 million a year earlier, due mainly to persistently high latex prices and the continued weakening of the US dollar coupled with the time lag in passing on the higher costs to its customers,

Revenue for the period fell to RM485.21 million from RM509.89 million last year. Earnings per share was 4.11 sen while net assets per share was RM1.82.

For the six months ended Feb 28, Top Glove’s net profit tumbled to RM61.46 million from RM135.73 million last year, on the back of revenue RM976.72 million.

Reviewing its performance, Top Glove said the decline in performance comparing with last year was also due to the exceptionally high sales volume experienced last year during the H1N1 flu virus outbreak.

It said on Wednesday, March 16 that in order to mitigate latex cost increases in the future, the company had started moving upstream by acquiring land by diversifying into rubber PLANTATION [].

“Top Glove is also dedicating more production lines to produce nitrile gloves, which command better margins and not subjected to the volatility in latex prices,” it said.

The company said it continued to maintain its strong balance sheet position with net cash and short term investments of RM207 million despite higher working capital requirement from the escalating latex price.

Top Glove chairman Tan Sri Lim Wee Chai said it was a challenging period, as the company faced substantial increases in its main raw material costs and adverse foreign exchange movements.

“Nevertheless, we have started to revise our latex glove prices and it is starting to arrest the decline in our revenue. We are also rigorously mitigating the impact of foreign exchange through hedging with forward contracts,” he said.

Lim said Top Glove's long-standing business relationship with its customers had enabled it to seek their understanding in passing on part of the increased raw material costs to them.

“Even though in the short term we expect the business conditions to remain difficult, I am  encouraged by our prospects going forward while we take actions to strengthen the Group and improve returns to shareholders,” said Lim.

Tuesday, March 15, 2011

Bursa Malaysia: BJToto's profit recovering

Author: Alex Lu   |   Publish date: Wed, 16 Mar 08:39 

Results Update

BJToto reported a better set of results for QE31/1/2011. Its net profit increased by 77% q-o-q or 17% y-o-y to RM115 million while its turnover was relatively unchanged at about RM851 million. The higher net profit was attributable to higher profit contributed by Berjaya Philippines Inc. & sharply higher profit by Sport Toto due to a lower prize payout in the current quarter. The impact on the current quarter from the increase in Pool Betting Duty from 6% to 8% that was effective 1 June 2010 was mitigated by the reduction in the 4D Big Special Prize from RM200 to RM180 per RM1 bet with effect from 15 December 2010.


Table 1: BJToto's last 8 quarterly results



Chart 1: BJToto's last 26 quarterly results

Valuation

BJToto (closed at RM4.09 yesterday) is now trading at a PE of 12 times (based on annualized EPS of 34 sen). At this PE multiple, BJToto is deemed fairly attractive. With the slide in its net profit halted, BJToto could command a PE multiple of 14-15 times again.

Technical Outlook

BJToto is now resting at its long-term uptrend line support of RM4.00.


Chart 2: BJToto's weekly chart as at Mar 15, 2011 (Source: Tradesignum)

Conclusion

Based on improved financial performance, attractive valuation & technical outlook, BJToto is a good stock for long-term investment.

Glovemakers' shares inflate

By Ooi Tee Ching

Share prices of rubber glovemakers shot up yesterday as investors foresee higher global demand for medical gloves after a two-week decline in rubber prices.


Following Japan's devastating 9-magnitude earthquake and tsunami last Friday, rubber futures on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange nosedived in anticipation of production halt among car and tyremakers.

Yesterday, the benchmark rubber contract on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange for August delivery fell more than 15 per cent, or 31.1 yen, to settle at 353 yen per kg (100 yen = RM3.75).

CIMB Investment Bank analyst Ivy Ng said demand for rubber could be hit in the near term due to the physical lack of access and potential disruption to tyre and car manufacturing plants in Japan.

"Also, potential buyers could stay on the sidelines hoping to snap up these commodities at lower prices due to short-term uncertainty in the market," she added.

Japan's rubber futures had plunged more than a third from a record 528.4 yen reached a month ago on February 17, following worsening Middle East tensions and slowing car sales in China, the world's largest rubber consumer.

Just last month, China's voracious demand for cars eased as surging petrol prices, the end of government subsidies and a major holiday took a toll on the world's biggest car market.

Taking the cue from Japan's rubber price plunge, Malaysian Rubber Board yesterday reported that tyre-grade SMR 20 tumbled 49.5 sen to RM11.89 per kg while latex-in-bulk fell 45.5 sen to RM8.61 per kg.

Kenanga Research foresees natural latex prices dropping further from an all-time high of RM10.90 per kg two weeks ago.

In its update to investors titled "Better Days Ahead?", the research house had a "neutral" outlook on the rubber glove sector and placed "buy" calls on Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd and Hartalega Holdings Bhd.

It said concerns over weak US dollar and costly natural latex prices had been overly exaggerated.

Glovemakers are in for good news should natural latex prices drop further to RM8 per kg, Kenanga Research added.

When contacted, Top Glove Corp Bhd executive director Lim Cheong Guan said the recent price plunge in natural latex had spurred demand for its rubber gloves.

"Demand has started to pick up again, our clients' inventory holdings are begining to normalise."

Yesterday, all rubber glovemakers' share prices shot up except for Hartalega, which fell 10 sen to RM5.50.

In a telephone interview, Hartalega managing director Kuan Kam Hon said investors may have been unduly worried by synthetic latex supply disruption from Japan.

"I would like to go on the record that we're receiving steady supply of nitrile latex from our suppliers in Japan. Their factories are in Kawasaki, far away from the area hit by the earthquake and tsunami.

"Our suppliers have also reassured us that there's enough buffer stocks in the months ahead at their Port Klang facility," Kuan added.

Top rubber producers' meet to prop up prices


BANGKOK: The world's top rubber-producing countries, Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia, will hold an urgent meeting this week to find ways to support prices that have collapsed this month, an senior industry official said yesterday.

The price of Thai USS3, a raw material for export grade rubber sheet (RSS3), fell to 90 baht a kg yesterday from 95 baht (100 baht = RM10.04) on Monday. That is half the record high of 180 baht hit in mid-February.

Rubber futures on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange (TOCOM), which tend to set global price trends, started falling this month when unrest in the Middle East raised concerns about the global economy and rubber demand.

Friday's earthquake in Japan added to these concerns. "We need to do something this week to stop prices from falling," Yium Tavarolit, acting chief executive of the International Rubber Consortium, said, adding that the meeting to discuss the measures will probably be held in Thailand.


"We will consider whether we should stop exporting for a while or cut production, as we used to do in the past, to help support prices." The consortium, which will coordinate the meeting, brings together rubber industry officials, exporters and government officials from the three countries that together account for 70 per cent of global rubber output.

Any decision by the IRCo would have to be ratified by the International Tripartite Rubber Corporation, which groups senior government officials from IRCo countries. TOCOM's benchmark rubber contract for August delivery hit a low of 335.0 yen (100 yen = RM3.75) a kg yesterday, 12 per cent down from Monday's close of 384.1 yen.

At that point, it had lost nearly 40 per cent from a record high of 535.7 yen hit in mid-February.

The benchmark settled at 353.0 yen a kg. TOCOM rubber futures had slumped on Monday, leading to a temporary halt in trade, as rumours circulated that some buyers had defaulted on shipments of physical rubber.

Thai RSS3 traded at a four-month low of US$4.18 to US$4.20 (US$1 = RM3.04) a kg yesterday, against record-high offers at US$6.40 in mid-February.

However, there were no reports of shipment cancellations.

When the global economy faced recession in late 2008, the top three rubber producers said they would cut shipments in 2009 to prop up export prices, which had fallen to around US$1.50 a kg.

However, the measure was effectively dropped when rubber prices recovered because of strong demand from the tyre industry in China and a gradual recovery in the global economy from the second half of 2009.

Thailand may draw up separate plans to intervene in the domestic market, partly to help the government win farmers' vote in a general election likely by July.

The government would do everything within its means to push the price of USS3 higher, Deputy Prime Minister Suthep Thuagsuban said yesterday, urging farmers not to sell at current levels.

"I suggest farmers keep their rubber for a while as the government is pushing prices up very soon, so please wait to sell at 120 baht a per kg, not at this low level," he told reporters. - Reuters

Monday, March 14, 2011

YTL Comms to launch Android phones in June


By B.K. SIDHU
bksidhu@thestar.com.my

It sells nearly 7,000 WiMAX-enabled handsets in 3 days

KUALA LUMPUR: In just three days YTL Communications Bhd (YTL Comms) has managed to sell nearly 7,000 units of its first two WiMAX-enabled handsets and in June it will launch the next-generation smartphones running on the Android platform, said executive chairman Tan Sri Francis Yeoh.

WiMAX-enabled handphones are limited in supply but since Friday two new models, Yes Buzz and Yes Zoom, were made available, priced at RM488 and RM399 respectively. These devices can be integrated seamlessly with other Yes 4G devices with a single Yes ID.

Since the launch of its Yes service in November, YTL Comms has drawn more than 100,000 active users to its network. According to Yeoh, the next target segment is the over 400,000 students in the country.

“We are telling them (the students) to taste the power of 4G. A lot of people (only) know the power of (our network when they get onto our network). Every month we are getting more and more users on our network.

Tan Sri Francis Yeoh holding the latest Yes Buzz handphone. He says the next target segment for YTL Comms is the over 400,000 students in the country.
 
“Once on our network, you can download movies at a very fast speed, listen to Stanford University education content on Stanford on iTunes at very affordable rates, and even use the mobile video chat, FaceTime on iPhone 4.

“FaceTime allows an incredible amount of versatility with this video-conferencing tool and when you are on Yes, there is no issue of throttling or buffering,''' he told StarBiz in an interview.

Yeoh said that even migrant workers were using Yes and not just for voice calls; they use chat and video transfer and find “our nine sen per minute pricing very affordable.”

“They are emailing pictures back to their country and this is a shift we have not seen before. This goes to show that multimedia is here,'' he said.

The nine sen pay-as-you-go service is for 3MB (megabytes) of data, a one-minute voice call or one SMS.
On Friday, the company launched two Yes Valuepacks, priced at RM68 and RM150 a month, which offer 3.5GB and 10GB of data usage respectively. On top of mobile data, users get to make 250 minutes of voice calls and send 250 text messages a month.

The Yes Buzz is a mobile phone that doubles as a mobile Internet device which can connect to the Yes network, allowing users to browse the Internet on top of making voice calls and sending text messages.

YTL Comms' WiMAX network covers 60% of the populated areas and by year-end, it will be 80%. The company is investing RM2.5bil in the venture. Yeoh declined to say when the company will break even but a source said, “we reckon it would take about two years.''

Asked how many users are able to use the network without it getting congested, Yeoh said: “Our network can cater to 15 million users without us putting in more investments.''

So the challenge for the company going forward is to get as many users as it can to use its network since it has a lot of capacity to offer.

“People are buzzing on the Buzz; something is surely happening with nine sen a minute,'' he said.

Asked about market share, Yeoh said: “We believe our share of mobile Internet is 100%. No (player) has nationwide (coverage) for mobile Internet as we have and you can go to any part of the North-South Expressway and still get our service.''

Analysts tracking the sector are unable to give exact wireless broadband numbers, nor is the data updated on the regulator's website.

But going by mobile users, Maxis Bhd had 12.9 million users at the end of last year, Celcom Axiata Bhd, 11.2 million and DiGi.Com Bhd, 8.7 million.

By market share, analysts' data point to Maxis having about 40%, Celcom, 33%, DiGi.Com, 26%, and U Mobile, 0.7%. The balance is shared by others including mobile virtual network operators.

Thus far Yes 4G has carried over one million minutes of voice calls, 670,000 SMSes and over 104 terabytes of data traffic. Of the 100,000 active subscribers, Yeoh said there was an equal number with huddle and dongles.

Thursday, March 10, 2011

YTL launches smartphone to capture WiMAX segment

Written by Aishah Mustapha    Thursday, 10 March 2011 11:29

KUALA LUMPUR: YTL Communications Sdn Bhd (YTL Comms) launched its first WiMAX phone last week in a move to cement its position in the industry.

The introduction of the WiMAX phone called Yes Buzz, a smartphone by Samsung, would plug a hole in the market that lacks WiMAX devices needed for a long-term catalyst.

Although viewed positively by analysts, the fact remains that both voice and data market is highly competitive.

According to an industry source, the churn rate for voice prepaid services can reach up to 50%, making the landscape tightly contested. Furthermore, mobile penetration is already at 110% of the population.

“Smart phone penetration is still low for the telcos. With just one phone out, YTL needs to ensure that it catches the market fast while it is still growing. The market lacks 4G devices as it is,” said the industry source.

The group will be looking at launching several smart devices throughout the year.

YTL has chalked up an estimated 100,000 active subscribers for its broadband services since its launch in November last year. Based on rough calculations, this gives a subscriber acquisition of over 25,000 a month since its launch.

To put this in comparison over three months of 4QFY10 ended Dec 31, mobile broadband leader Celcom added 54,000 subscribers, Maxis added 70,000 subscribers while WiMAX player P1 added 56,000 subscribers.

YTL Comms also registered maiden revenue contribution towards parent YTL Power International (YTLP) for its 1HFY11 results ended Dec 31. The WiMAX segment contributed a cumulative RM4.7 million to YTLP’s revenue with a cumulative pretax loss of RM27.7 million for 1HFY11. Meanwhile, Green Packet continued to be in the red, incurring a pretax loss of RM99.8 million for 4QFY10 ended Dec 31.

Analysts have noted that the WiMAX business will undergo a long gestation period to break even, especially given that RM2.5 billion will be invested into the network and operations over five years.

However, YTLP’s foray into the telco sector has made several research houses cautious of its future earnings, with the possibility of the WiMAX business hurting its stable earnings.

JP Morgan highlighted the potential risks to earnings from its WiMAX entry, thereby changing YTLP’s earnings profile. The research house has maintained an “underweight” rating on YTLP.

“We also remain particularly cautious on the group’s WiMAX operation (launched in Nov-10), which changes the earnings profile and could provide downside risk to earnings (and potentially dividends) should operational start-up losses escalate beyond expectations.

For now, the group’s gross cash position of RM7.8 billion and attractive payment terms for its capex should help minimise the risk of any material cuts in dividends,” it said.

ECM Libra maintained a “hold” on YTLP, and said it is awaiting management guidance on the new WiMAX business that could potentially introduce a downside to its net dividend forecast.

“As YTLP’s earnings are largely within expectations, we leave our earnings estimates unchanged. On its new WIMAX business, we await management guidance and have yet to impute it into our forecasts. Pending clarification from management, we highlight the potential downside risk to our net dividend forecast of 15 sen,” it said.


This article appeared in The Edge Financial Daily, March 10, 2011.

Wednesday, March 9, 2011

KNM back to earnings guidance mode

PETALING JAYA: After a two-year hiatus, the management of KNM Group Bhd has started to give earnings guidance again.

According to AmResearch in a report yesterday, KNM’s management had met with analysts earlier in the week and guided earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (Ebitda) of RM363 million for its FY11 (ending Dec 31, 2011), while the Ebitda for FY12 is targeted at RM564 million.

It added that the process equipment manufacturer for the oil and gas industry expects gross profit margins for FY11 and FY12 to be between 21% and 23%, which is higher compared with 19% in FY10.

Maybank Investment Bank (IB) research noted that KNM’s management expects to deliver a total revenue of RM2.4 billion in FY11 and RM3.4 billion in FY12, which is significantly higher compared with the total revenue in FY10, which stood at RM1.6 billion.

“KNM is confident of securing higher RM3 billion to RM3.5 billion new jobs per annum in 2011 to 2012 with higher quality (thus better margin) potentials. Order book backlog now stands at RM5.4 billion,” Maybank IB research noted in its report.

“Job momentum is rising with orders to come from key sectors; oil and gas, minerals, power, renewable energy and environment, and industrial services. Margins are set to improve, as KNM secures higher proportion of high-margin works,” it added.

The local research house has a “buy call” on the stock with an unchanged target price of RM4.35 per share, based on 14 times 2012 EPS.

Meanwhile, AmResearch in its report said KNM’s tenders worth RM17 billion could add another RM3 billion to the existing order book, assuming a success rate of 20%.

“We reiterate our “buy” call on KNM with an unchanged fair value of RM3.25 per share, pegged to an unchanged FY11F PE of 14 times — at parity to the stock’s one-year rolling forward PE average over the past three years,” it noted.

The research house has a “buy” call on the stock, with an unchanged fair value of RM3.25 per share.

While it seems like KNM is back in favour with the analysts, the same cannot be said of fund managers.

According to TA Investment Management’s chief investment officer Choo Swee Kee, the investing community is still staying on the sidelines when it comes to KNM due to the company’s unfavourable results in 4QFY10 where it saw its net profit plunging 64%.

“The 4QFY10 results have been below expectation, which come as a surprise to the investing community. Hence, we have to carefully evaluate the whole situation first before we increase our shareholding in the company,” he explained.

“We also need to see how the whole situation in the Middle East unfolds, as KNM has some exposure in the region. If things turn out bad, the market will be adversely affected,” he said, adding that the investing community is still waiting for more news on this matter.

Maybank IB research in its report yesterday said that while the crisis in the Middle East and North African oil exporting countries such as Libya and Tunisia is a concern, KNM has no operating presence in the affected countries.

It added that 24% of KNM’s order book comes from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) while its manufacturing facilities are based in Jebel Ali in the UAE.

“KNM does not expect any job delay or suspension to its activities,” it noted.

Meanwhile, AmResearch in its report noted that talk of foreign acquisitions by KNM was purely speculative at this stage but management indicated interest in exploring nuclear energy projects, providing alternatives to fossil fuels.

KNM’s share price rose 12 sen yesterday to close at RM2.65.

Saturday, March 5, 2011

YTL Comms keen to launch 4G network in Sabah, Sarawak

Saturday March 5, 2011


KUALA LUMPUR: YTL Communications Sdn Bhd has expressed interest in rolling out its fourth-generation (4G) network to Sabah and Sarawak.

Its executive director Datuk Yeoh Seok Hong told reporters yesterday that the company would like to roll out its 4G services there, pending spectrum license approval from the Malaysian Communication and Multimedia Commission (MCMC).

He was speaking at the company's launch of new 4G mobile Internet service packages and devices. YTL Communications' 4G service is known as Yes and was launched last November in Peninsular Malaysia.
Since the launch, Yes had achieved one million voice minutes, 670,000 text messages and more than 104 terabytes of data traffic, said YTL Communications chief executive officer Wing K. Lee.

He said YTL Communications' 4G service was three to five times faster than any network and had had some 100,000 active users sign on since the launch last year.

“The coverage now spans the length of the North-South Expressway. We also launched our sales network in Penang last week, the first major market outside the Klang Valley,” he added.

Penang will have its first Yes Store in the Northern region, opening in April this year.
YTL Communications had invested RM2.5bil into its Yes 4G infrastructure and had 1,800 base stations built in Peninsular Malaysia with 65% of the population covered, said Yeoh. The aim is to have 80% coverage by year-end.

The company also launched two new Yes Valuepacks, which are effective next month, priced at RM68 and RM150 for 3.5GB and 10GB of data respectively. These plans are also inclusive of a set number of talktime and text messages.

It currently offers a pay-as-you-go rate of nine sen for 3MB (megabit) data, one-minute call or one short-messaging service but decided to come up with unbinding plans for consumers after listening to users suggestions.

Along with the new plans, YTL Communications also launched two new devices Yes Buzz, which is a 4G mobile phone and Yes Zoom, an all-in-one communications solution with built-in WiFi.
YTL Communications executive chairman Tan Sri Francis Yeoh said YTL's 4G network allowed for real facetime.

He said that given the rising trend in mobile data demand, the effectiveness of applications like mobile video conferencing relied on bandwidth.

Robust Yes subscriber growth seen

By June Ramlee

YTL group's Yes 4G has garnered more than 100,000 subscribers since the mobile Internet service with voice was launched 105 days ago.

The group is confident that a robust subscriber growth is imminent by the year-end.

YTL Corp Bhd managing director Tan Sri Francis Yeoh said it was looking at investing some of the RM2.5 billion it had set aside for Yes 4G to educate the public on the benefits of using a seamless technology such as Yes 4G.

"The reason is simple. Not many people know that the Yes 4G network is better than the 3G networks that most telecommunication companies are on.

"We are the first company in the world that can activate the facetime application on the iPhone 4, something that the 3G networks cannot do," said Yeoh, who is also executive chairman for YTL Communications Bhd at the launch of the Yes Buzz 4G mobile phone and Yes Zoom WiFi yesterday.

"With Yes 4G mobile Internet, it will give facetime (an Iphone application) speed, clarity and mobility. You could facetime while sitting in a car driving up the North-South Expressway. We will also power the new Ipad 2, three to five times faster than any 3G network and will also be cheaper per megabyte of data usage."

Yes 4G also allows one to catch live streaming of a YouTube video without much buffering, be able to download radio stations from other parts of the world and listen to them while driving, he explained.

"Do you know that Malaysia is the only place in the world with 4G coverage? They don't even have this in Japan. They are still on 3G and I get frustrated using their network when I am there," he exclaimed.

Yeoh said Singapore was the next Asean country to roll out the 4G network next year.

"We hope that with more countries in Asean on the 4G network, there will be more inter-connectivity between all other regions," he said.

Yeoh also said the group plans to apply for spectrum licence to provide Yes 4G in Sabah and Sarawak.

Yes Buzz, the group claimed, is the most affordable 4G mobile phone priced at RM488. The Yes Zoom built-in WiFi, meanwhile, is priced at RM399.

The latter enables one to connect up to 20 WiFi devices simultaneously and comes with a standard phone which allows users to make and receive phone calls while using their Yes 018 number.

 http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/articles/jrbuxx/Article/

Thursday, March 3, 2011

KNM Group said secured RM693m new orders in 2011

Written by Joseph Chin of theedgemalaysia.com    Thursday, 03 March 2011 19:50

KUALA LUMPUR: KNM GROUP BHD [] said it has year-to-date secured new orders amounting to RM693 million, underpinned by the bullish sentiment in the global oil and gas industry globally as crude oil surges to record highs.

“The current order book of KNM stood at RM6.4 billion and the backlog at RM5.4 billion,” said the company, which described it as an all time for the group since it was set up,” it said on Thursday, March 3.
KNM said its tender book was RM17 billion, which it said had significantly improved compared with the trough of the sub-prime crisis which was at RM10 billion.

Executive chairman and CEO Lee Swee Eng said the group’s strong order book would keep it busy for 2011 and 2012.

Lee said the current strong order win reflected a rebound of order intake and its strong TECHNOLOGY [] product line, adding that he expected demand for process equipment to be strong as new projects come on stream in Malaysia and overseas.

Hektar REIT looks to expand portfolio

By Yong Min Wei of theedgemalaysia.com   Thursday, 03 March 2011 15:18
                                                                                  

    KUALA LUMPUR: Hektar Real Estate Investment Trust (Hektar REIT), the owner of three shopping malls, is anticipating to increase its portfolio this year riding on its confidence in financing yield-accretive acquisitions.

Hektar REIT chairman and CEO Datuk Jaafar Abdul Hamid said its financing ability had improved in the past year and that its management team would continue to look for potential acquisitions of shopping centres in Malaysia.

"While there were no new acquisitions in 2010, we did identify some good candidates and conducted negotiations. Ultimately, we believe that improving market sentiment has prompted asset owners to hold on to their properties for now. We still remain in contact with them," he said in a letter to unitholders enclosed with Hektar REIT's 2010 annual report.

According to Jaafar, Hektar REIT is confident in its ability to finance net asset yield-accretive acquisitions as its current trading price range remained above net asset value coupled with access to affordable banking financing. He added that any proposed acquisition would require additional issuance of Hektar REIT units.

For FY10 ended Dec 31, Hektar REIT's net profit rose 5.5% to RM39.18 million from RM37.13 million in FY09. Revenue grew 3.6% to RM90.87 million from RM87.71 million mainly due to improvement in rentals and car park income in 2010.

It posted basic earnings per share of 12.24 sen in FY10 while net assets per share stood at RM1.32 as at Dec 31.

Hektar REIT on Wednesday, Mar 2 shed three sen  to close at RM1.29 with turnover of 94,700 units. The counter had traded to a 52-week high of RM1.35 on Dec 30, 2010 and a 52-week low of RM1.14 on Mar 2, 2010.

When contacted on Wednesday, Hektar Asset Management Sdn Bhd general manager, strategy, Lim Ye Jhen, declined comment on whether Hektar REIT would soon be acquiring a shopping centre but stressed the REIT was always open to negotiations.

An analyst familiar with REITs said a shopping mall in Petaling Jaya with a net lettable area (NLA) of about 400,000 sq ft which opened in recent years, has drawn the attention of several players lately. The mall is said to have easy access to several highways and a stone's throw from an affluent neighbourhood in the city.

"Several REITs have indicated they are in some negotiations to acquire medium-sized shopping centres and office buildings in the Klang Valley. However, they are tight-lipped on the location and didn't give much details other than the NLA," said the analyst, adding that there were malls with negative revisions as well.

As Malaysia's first "retail focused REIT", Hektar REIT's current portfolio consists of Subang Parade in Subang Jaya, Mahkota Parade in Melaka and Wetex Parade in Muar. Listed since December 2006, Hektar REIT is managed by Hektar Asset Management, which in turn is a subsidiary of Hektar Group.

According to its 2010 annual report, Hektar REIT's portfolio of shopping centres has a combined value of RM752 million as at Dec 31, 2010, a total NLA of 1.1 million sq ft and 95.5% occupancy rate.

On Hektar REIT's borrowings in 2011, Jaafar said it had secured an Al-Murabahah overdraft facility with two tranches worth RM184 million and RM150 million expiring in 2011 and 2013 respectively. Collectively, Hektar REIT's gearing ratio was 42.7% of gross asset value and the weighted average cost of financing as at end FY10 was 3.71%.

"The first tranche of debt at RM184 million expires in December 2011. We are confident of renewing the facilities based on our long-standing relationships with our bankers, who have supported Hektar from day one. Depending on market conditions, we have factored in a 40-basis point increase in financing rates for 2011," he pointed out.

On its strategy and outlook, Jaafar said the key in maintaining a shopping centre's strategic advantage was by offering a compelling tenant mix, stressing that the optimal tenant mix depended on a variety of factors including demographics, psychographics and level of competition.

"We continually conduct surveys on shopper demographics and receive informal feedback on a regular basis to fine-tune our understanding of market needs. Each market may have cultural differences with unique shopper demands," he said, adding it was important to refine the tenant strategy of each shopping centre to local market conditions.

Tuesday, March 1, 2011

巴菲特致伯克希尔股东的信(全文)

2011-02-28 18:51:09 来源: 网易财经 跟贴 134 手机看股票

网易财经2月28日讯 伯克希尔公司董事长巴菲特(Warren Buffett)2月26日发布了长达27页的致股东的信,他在信中谈到关于伯克希尔的业务模式与方向,以及自己的接班人问题,同时透露包括高盛与通用电气今年将回购伯克希尔持有的优先股,以下为巴菲特致股东信的全文。

关于保险业务部分和GEICO公司

现在让我告诉你一个真实的故事,这将有助于你了解一个企业的内在价值远远超过其帐面价值,而这个故事也可以顺便让我重温一下那些美好的回忆。

60年前的最后一个月,GEICO走进我的生命之中,而这也彻底改变了我的一生。当时我还是哥伦比亚大学的一名研究生,是被我的恩师本-格雷厄姆推荐过去的。

有一天,我在图书馆里翻阅《美国名人录》时发现本(Ben)是政府雇员保险公司(现在的GEICO)的董事长。当时我对保险业一无所知,同时也没有听说过这家公司。后来图书管理员给我看了一些关于保险公司的汇编材料,才让我对GEICO有了初步的了解,之后我决定拜访下这家位于华盛顿的公司。

但是当我到达公司总部的时候,门却是紧闭着的。之后我开始不厌其烦地敲门,一个看门人把我带到了当时公司里唯一的一个人面前——洛里默·戴维森(Lorimer Davidson)。接下来的4个小时是我的幸运时刻,戴维森十分详细地把保险业和GEICO给我讲解了一遍,这是我们美好友谊的一个开始。此后不久,我从哥伦比亚大学顺利毕业,并成为在奥马哈市(Omaha)的一名股票推销员。当然,我从 GEICO那里获得了不少建议,使我在一开始就拥有了数十家客户。而在和戴维森会面之后,我所投资的9800美元也实现了75%的盈利率。

后来,戴维森成为GEICO公司的CEO,但是他做梦也没有想到公司会在上世纪70年代中期(当时他已退休了)遇到了巨大麻烦——股票跌幅超过 95%!伯克希尔(Berkshire)当时购买了GEICO约三分之一的股票,后来由于GEICO的股票回购措施,这些股票在以后的几年中以每年50% 的涨幅逐年增长,伯克希尔因此而赚的盆满钵满。

1996年初,伯克希尔准备收购GEICO剩余50%的股份,这让95岁的戴维森大为高兴,当时还专门为此制作了一个视频来告诉大家他有多高兴,并希望GEICO能够和伯克希尔能够长期合作下去。

在过去的60年中,GEICO发生了很多事,但是其核心目标——为美国人节省花在购买汽车保险上的钱——一直没有改变。而围绕这个目标,GEICO已经成为美国的第三大汽车保险公司,占据着8.8%的市场份额。

公司现任CEO托尼·莱斯利(Tony Nicely)1993年上任时该比例为2%,当时这一数据已经维持了十多年。但是在托尼的带领下,GEICO发生了翻天覆地的变化,找到了既能保持承保率的增长幅度,又能降低成本的方法。1996年,我们以23亿美元的价格购买了GEICO公司50%的股票,这笔投资随后变成了46亿美元,收益率达到了 100%!而当时GEICO的有形资产净值也达到了19亿美元。而这其中还隐含了27亿美元的无形价值(经过我们的测算,GEICO公司的信誉值完全有这么高)。1995年,公司客户一共支付了28亿美元的投保金,而这其中有97%可以作为公司的收入。如果按照行业标准,这个数字比较高,但是对于 GEICO来说是完全可以实现的,因为公司的运营成本较低,持续盈利能力强,顾客忠诚度也很高。

今天,虽然公司的保费收入是143亿美元,但是我们给出的信誉值却只有14亿美元,这个数值是不会因为GEICO营收的变化而变化的。此外,在托尼的带领下,GEICO公司已经成为全美最大的个人保险机构,去年公司一共卖出769898份个人保险合同,较前年增长了34%。

财产保险公司通常预收保险费,后付赔偿金。在个别情况下,比如有些工人的意外事故索赔,赔偿金的支付可能拖延十年之久。这种先收钱后赔钱的模式让我们持有大量流动资金,我们可以为了公司的利益把这些流动资金用于投资。尽管投保人和事故索赔不断变换,但是我们持有流动资金的数额保持稳定。因此,我们的业务量增长,流动资金就会增加。

如果我们收取的保费超过支出和赔偿金,我们就获得了保险利润,再加上我们的流动资金带来的投资收入。实际上多年来激烈的竞争已让财产保险业承受了巨大的保险损失。这些损失就是保险业持有流动资金的代价。比如说,全美最大的保险公司State Farm,公司管理有方,却在过去十年里有七年时间承受保险损失。在此期间,该公司的亏损金额超过了200亿美元。

在伯克希尔哈撒韦公司,我们连续八年获得保险利润,在此期间的盈利总计达到170亿美元。我相信保险业务在未来的几年里还能继续获得利润。如果其他企业向我们支付费用来持有流动资金,我们还会从投资中获利。

多年以来,保险业保费不足以支付赔偿金和支出。因此,几十年来,保险业有形资本的总收益远远低于其他行业的平均收益,业绩乏善可陈。伯克希尔哈撒韦公司拥有雄厚的经济实力,是因为我们卓越的经理人在经营着非同寻常的企业。除了盖可保险公司(GEICO)外,我们还拥有两家大保险公司和数家小公司。

首先是伯克希尔哈撒韦再保险集团(Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group),由阿吉特杰恩负责。他的经营融合了能力、速度和果断,更重要的是拥有保险业独具一格的思维方式。他从未让伯克希尔哈撒韦公司承担不合时宜的风险。我们比起该行业的其他公司来说更为保守。过去一年里,阿吉特杰恩大幅提高了人寿保险业务,带来了20亿美元的保费,今后几十年这种情形还将继续上演。

1985年以来,阿吉特杰恩给保险业务带来了300亿美元的流动资金和数额巨大的保险利润,其他保险公司的首席执行官无法与他比肩而立。他已经为伯克希尔哈撒韦公司增添了数十亿美元的资产。

我们还拥有通用再保险公司,由塔德蒙特罗斯(Tad Montross)负责。

实际上,健康发展的保险业务需要四条准则:1.明白所有的风险敞口都可能造成损失;2. 保守地估计任何风险敞口实际造成损失的可能性;3. 保费金额的确定要确保利润,包括未来的损失成本和运营费用在内;4.如果不能获得合理的保费就放弃这项业务。

许多保险公司通过了前三条准则的考验,却在第四条碰了壁。华尔街的急功近利,机构和经纪人带来的压力,或者是雄心勃勃的首席执行官不肯让业务规模缩水,导致许多保险公司以低价承揽业务。

塔德蒙特罗斯恪守四条准则,通用再保险公司在他的领导下拥有巨额流动资金,我们预计该公司依然能保持这种资金规模。

最后,我们拥有许多小保险公司,大多数公司有专属经营范围。他们的财报持续盈利,向我们提供了大量的流动资金。我和查理非常看重这些企业和他们的经理人。

下一页:制造业、服务业和零售业

制造业、服务业和零售业

在谈及制造业、服务业和零售业投资运作时,巴菲特首先解释了某些投资回报不佳的原因。

我对一些行业的竞争强度和未来走向出现了误判。我试图本着十年二十年的长期持有来进行收购,但有时候也难免老眼昏花。

巴菲特列举了四家创下各自行业销售纪录的公司,它们分别是电子元器件分销商TTI、房车及船舶制造商森林河公司(Forest River)、农业设备公司CTB和鞋业公司H.H.Brown。

此外,巴菲特还着重提及了一家同比进步最快的企业——NetJets公司,该公司2010年的市场占有率是排名第二位公司的五倍。事实上,自从 1998年收购该公司以来,NetJets一直处于亏损状态,但大卫索科尔(Dave Sokol)对其管理层进行了重组,并对公司的采购和支出作了合理规划,自从以后,NetJets才走上了腾飞之路。巴菲特在最后不无幽默的写到:

于公于私我都希望NetJets公司能够一直保持顶级优秀的表现,我和家人已经乘坐该公司的飞机飞行了5000小时(相当于每七个月就要在天上待一天的时间),将来还要再飞上数千小时。我们从来没要求什么特殊待遇,与私人航空领域中最优秀的机师们共同翱翔于蓝天,就是对我们的最好礼遇。

巴菲特又回顾了几家在制造业、服务业和零售业总榜上最赚钱的公司,他们分别是马蒙控股集团(Marmon)、伊斯卡公司(Iscar)和麦克林公司(McLane)。在列举完利好消息之后,巴菲特介绍了伯克希尔在家具建材方面遇到的困境,并列举了四家公司。但他认为:

房市将会在一年之内开始复苏,可能是在某一时间点上进行突破。这些公司是在实力强劲之时遭遇经济衰退的,等到衰退结束它们会变得更加强大。伯克希尔的投资期是永无止境的。

管制及资本密集型商业领域

在管制及资本密集型商业领域,巴菲特着重提及了旗下两家最大的公司:北伯林顿铁路公司(BNSF)和中美能源(MidAmerican Energy),两家公司的经营状况都不尽如人意。在介绍北伯林顿铁路公司时,巴菲特强调:

先前我就强调过铁路对于国家未来的重要性。鉴于美国人口的西进趋势,我们在北伯林顿铁路公司的股份还要进一步扩大。重任在肩,我们是美国经济循环系统中占大头的基本组成部分,有义务去不断改善铁路线。为了完成好这份职责,我们不止是要被动作出反应,还要预见社会的需要。我们不断增加的巨大投资会获得相应的回报,对此我有信心。明智的调控和明智的投资是同一枚硬币的正反面。

而在介绍中美能源的经营情况时,巴菲特同样语重心长:

至于中美能源,我们也享有类似的“社会契约”。为了满足客户的未来需要,我们需要不断增加产量。如果能够同时兼顾可靠性和高效性,我们会获得公正的投资回报。我对马特罗斯(Matt Rose)在北伯林顿铁路公司和大卫索科尔及格雷格阿贝尔(Greg Abel)在中美能源中所作出的社会贡献感到骄傲,同时我也对他们为伯克希尔股东们所作出的贡献感到骄傲,并心生感激。

融资和金融产品

这是我们规模最小的部门,包括两家租赁公司,分别是经营拖车租赁业务的 XTRA公司和经营家具租赁的寇特家具(CORT),以及全美最大的预制房屋建造商和融资公司克莱顿(Clayton Homes)。

去年两家租赁公司的业绩都有所改善,尽管基础较差。XTRA公司的设备利用率从2009年的63%提高至去年的75%,税前利润也随之从1700万美元增加到3500万美元;寇特家具的业务也逐步复苏,同时严控运营费用,两相结合,使其扭亏为盈实现1800万美元税前利润。

克莱顿去年建造了23343套住宅,占整个行业50046套产量的47%,该行业在1998年最为繁荣,当时年预制房屋总建造量达到372843 套,我们只占8%份额。去年的销售业绩本就不佳,而我在2009年的报告中提及的融资问题加剧了我们的压力。具体来说:美国政府的住房贷款政策偏好普通住宅,使预制住宅的价格优势遭到削弱。

克莱顿向预制住房买家提供的贷款比任何其他公司都多,我们的经验对致力于改革美国住房贷款政策的各方都具有借鉴意义。在克莱顿发放的贷款中,客户的平均FICO信用分为648,其中47%的客户信用分低于640,通常银行认为这些客户的信用有问题。尽管如此,即使在金融危机期间,我们的贷款投资组合业绩仍然表现不错。

我们的贷款客户可能因丧失工作、出现健康问题、离婚等原因而面临困难,但他们希望能保住住房,而且他们贷款的额度通常也与收入相称。如果全美各地的住房买家都像我们的客户那样行事,美国就不会面临信贷危机了。我们的成功法则是:收取合理的首付,且将每月还款额度与月度收入固定挂钩。该政策使克莱顿不致破产,也帮助客户保住了住宅。

考虑到现今美国的房价和利率都很低,购买住房对大多数美国人来说都是明智的选择。我自己就把购买住宅看成我第三成功的投资,仅仅花了3.15万美元,我和家人就获得了52年的美好回忆,而且今后还将继续受益。(前两大成功投资是购买一对婚戒。)

尽管如此,如果购房者的眼光高于其经济承受能力,而银行助长了他的幻想,那住房就可能成为灾难。我们国家的社会目标不应该是让家庭享受梦幻住宅,而是住进能够承担的住房。

下一页:投资以及接班人
 投资以及接班人

截止去年年底,本公司普通股投资获得10亿美元以上的市值。

本财报反映了我们投资各家企业创造的收益,这些被投资企业去年的未分配盈利超过20亿美元。根据我们多年的投资经验,这些未分配盈利已经相当于或超过市场收益。我们预计,本公司持有股份未来的市场收益将和被投资企业的留存收益持平。

我们此前预计了伯克希尔哈撒韦公司正常盈利能力,根据未来的投资利润做出了三次调整(尚未考虑到目前的未分配盈利因素)。

首次调整侧重于不利因素。去年我们讨论了持续获得大额收益的五笔固定收入投资,其中瑞士再保险公司(Swiss Re)将在2011年初回购我们持有的股份,高盛集团和通用电气公司可能在年底前回购我们持有的优先股。通用电气在10月份表示同意回购,高盛集团也同意提前30天回购,但是遭到了美联储的反对,但美联储可能在不久后批准高盛公司的回购计划。

这三家企业必须向我们支付红利才能实现回购,金额总计14亿美元左右,不过所有的回购计划都不受投资者的欢迎。回购股份后,我们的盈利能力将会大幅降低,这是个不利消息。

还有两个好消息来抵消不利影响,截止去年年底,我们在2011年投资积累的现金储备高达380亿美元。而收益率将有所提高,我们的投资收入将至少增加5亿美元,具体金额也许更多。短期资本市场的收益率不可能很快提高。不过对我们而言,在正常盈利能力预期中提高收益率是恰如其分的。在高收益率到来之前,我们能够把握运气,抓住商机,动用我们的现金储备,获得合理的收益。对我们而言,那一天不会提前来临。

此外,我们持有普通股的股息会日益增加。最高的收益可能来自富国银行集团。美联储在过去两年中不考虑银行业绩好坏,限制各大银行的股息。富国银行集团在经济衰退时期持续发展,目前拥有雄厚的经济实力和盈利能力,却被迫维持低支出水平(我们无意指责美联储的决定,出于多方原因,全面限制银行股息在危机期间合情合理)。

美联储有可能不久后取消对于股息的限制。富国银行可以恢复合理的股息政策,到时候,我们预计从富国银行获得的股息将给公司增加每年几亿美元的收入。

我们持股的其他企业也可能提高股息。1995年,可口可乐公司向我们支付了8800万元股息,当时我们刚买下可口可乐的股票。此后,可口可乐公司每年都在提高股息。2011年,我们将从可口可乐公司获得3.76亿美元的收入,比去年高出2400万美元。今后十年,我预计股息收入将比3.76亿美元翻一番。十年后,如果我们持有可口可乐的股份带来的年度收益,比我们的投资高出100%,我也不会感到惊讶。

总体看来,我们的正常投资收入将和我们2010年的收入持平,尽管这将减少我们在2011年和2012年的持股份额。

去年夏天,卢辛普森表示有意退休,当时他才74岁,我和查理芒格认为这个年纪对伯克希尔来说还很年轻,他的要求让我们感到吃惊。1979年,卢辛普森担任盖可保险公司(GEICO)的投资经理,在2004年的财报中,他的突出业绩让我感到自愧不如。卢辛普森从未自己炫耀的才能,我认为他是最了不起的投资人,我们都会想念他。

四年以前,我曾经说过,等到我和查理芒格、卢辛普森都退休后,公司需要聘请年轻的投资经理。关于首席执行官的职位,我们目前有多位杰出的候选人,但是在投资领域,我们还没有合适的人选。

找到多位绩效卓越的投资经理人是件轻而易举的事。但是过去出色的表现尽管重要,却不能以此判断未来的业绩。至关重要的是如何取得业绩,经理人如何理解和感知风险。在风险评价标准方面,我们希望找到能力难以估量的候选人:能够预计到经济形势前所未有的影响。最后,我们需要全身心为伯克希尔哈撒韦公司效力的候选人,不仅仅把这当做一份工作。

我和查理芒格找到了托德库姆斯(Todd Combs),他符合我们的各项要求。托德和卢辛普森的待遇相同,薪金加上和业绩相关的额外奖金。我们安排他负责收入延期和抵免业务,防止波动剧烈的投资受到不当支付的影响。对冲基金见证了普通合伙人的可怕行径,他们在上涨时获得利润,在下跌时让有限合伙人丧失此前的收益。有些普通合伙人会立即开设另一个对冲基金,套取预期利润,而不顾及过去的损失。把资金托付给这种经理人的投资者实际上成了替罪羊,而不是合伙人。

只要我担任首席执行官,我就会继续管理伯克希尔哈撒韦公司的大部分资产,包括债券和股票。托德将初步管理30亿美元的基金,每年会重新安排管理范围。他主要负责股票,但是不限于投资形式。其他基金顾问可能会分为“长期投资”、“宏观投资”和“国际股票投资”,我们在伯克希尔哈撒韦只有一种模式, “精明投资”。

随着时间推移,如果能找到合适的人性,我们将增加一两位投资经理的职务。每位投资经理的绩效薪酬,有80%来自于他管理的投资组合,有20%来自于其他经理人的投资组合。我们希望为每位成功人士建立一套薪酬体系,促进他们的合作而不是竞争。

等到我和查理退休后,我们的投资经理将会负责首席执行官和董事会委托的全部投资组合。出色的投资者具有良好的商业眼光,我们预计他们将在企业并购方面提供咨询和经验智慧。当然,董事会将对重大并购案作出决策。

我们对于托德的加入发布了公告,有些评论员指出,托德是无名小卒,对于我们没有找到声名显赫的经理人表示困惑。我想知道,究竟有多少人在1979年听说过卢辛普森,在1985年认识阿吉特杰恩,在1959年听说过查理芒格。我们的目标是找到一位资历尚浅的经理人,而不是久经沙场的老将。

下一页:金融衍生品
 金融衍生品

两年前,在2008年年度报告中,我向你们披露伯克希尔持有251个金融衍生品合约(包括那些用于旗下公司运营的合约,比如中美能源公司),现在这一数字是203,我们增加了一些新的投资,而一些旧合约已经到期或被解除。

这些衍生品均由我本人负责,它们主要包括两种类型。但都属于和保险相似的投资活动,即我们为他人承担极力避免的风险而收取费用,在这些交易中我们采用的决策机制也与保险业务相似。此外我们在缔结这些合同时预先收费,因此不会面临对手风险。这点相当重要。

第一类衍生品主要是缔结于2004-2008年间的合约,它们要求:如果某些高利率债权的发行公司到期无法清偿,伯克希尔将给予赔付。从这些合约中我们总共收取了34亿美元费用,在2007年的年度报告中,我曾表示将从中获取“保险收益”,也即我们的赔付将低于收取的费用。

后来我们经历了金融恐慌和严重的经济衰退,一些公司未能如期清偿债务,我们为此赔付了25亿美元。尽管如此,因为风险较高的合约基本已经到期,我们面临的风险很大程度上已经过去了。因此我们几乎肯定会按照原计划获得保险收益。在这些合约期间,我们还得以使用平均达20亿美元的无息流通资金。总之,我们收取的费用适当,这在过去三年的糟糕经济环境中保护了我们。

第二类衍生品则是所谓的“认沽期权”,我们为美国、英国、欧洲和日本的希望避免股价暴跌风险的投资者提供保险,这些合约与各种股价指数挂钩,比如美国的标普500指数、英国的富时100。在2004至2008年间,我们缔结了47项此类合约,收取了48亿美元费用,这些合约期限大多是15年。

关于这些合约的情况,我向大家披露如下:在2010年下半年,我们解除了8个原定于2021至2028年间到期的合约,因此支付了4.25亿美元,而原来因这些合约收取的费用是6.47亿美元。这意味着我们获得了2.22亿美元净盈利,同时在三年内无息、无限制的使用了6.47亿美元资金。

截至去年年底,我们还有39个认沽期权,这些合约我们总共收费42亿美元。它们将来的具体收益当然是不确定的,但我可以从下列角度说明:如果上述合约到期时,其涉及指数的股价与2010年12月31日相同,而外汇汇率保持不变的话,我们需要在2018至2026年间偿付38亿美元。

但在我们的资产负债表上,我们将这些证券的负债记为67亿美元,换句话说,如果相关指数不变,我们将在这些合约到期的那几年中录得29亿美元盈利,也就是67亿美元减去38亿美元。我相信股价很可能会上涨,如果这一预言成真,我们的收益将更大,当然这并非确定的事情。确定的是,在超过10年之间,我们将可以免息使用收取的42亿美元资金。

报告与误报:哪些数字在财报中算数?

我和查理发现了有利于评估伯克希尔、衡量其进展情况的数字,已经在前面提供给大家。

下面我们重点谈谈被忽略的一个数字:净利润,其媒体作用远大于所有其它数字。这个数字对大多数公司来说很重要,但对伯克希尔来说往往毫无意义。不管业务如何运营,我和查理总能在任何特定时期合法地创造想得到的净利润。

我们具有这种灵活性是因为净利润数字中纳入了投资的已实现收益或亏损,排除了未实现收益(及大部分情况下的亏损)。例如,如果伯克希尔某年未实现收益为100亿美元,同时实际亏损为10亿美元,那么我们报告中只计算亏损的净利润就将低于营业收入。同时,如果我们前一年有已实现收益,新闻提要中就可能会宣布我们的收益降低X%,而实际上我们的业务可能已大大改善。

我们有大量未实现收益可利用,因此如果确实认为净收益很重要,我们可以定期在其中加入已实现收益。不过,请放心,我和查理绝不会抛售证券,因为抛售会影响我们即将报告的净利润,而且我们都对“玩数字游戏”深恶痛绝。

总体来看,虽然存在某些缺点,但是营业收入能合理指导我们的经营。不过,它忽视了我们的净利润数字。法规要求我们向你们报告这个数字,但是,如果报告者强调这一点,则说明他们的业绩比我们的好。

我们的帐面价值计算全面反映了已实现和未实现收益与亏损。你们应该注意度量标准和营业收入过程的变化。

此外,我要指出,净利润报告变幻莫测。假如出卖股权的终止日期定在2010年6月30日,那一天,我们必须向交易对方支付64亿美元。证券价格通常会在下个季度上涨,使相应数字在9月30日下降至58亿美元。然而,我们用于评估这些合约的布莱克—斯科尔斯期权定价公式要求我们,在此期间增加资产负债表上的89亿美元负债至96亿美元,这一更改在应计税生效之后降低了4.55亿美元本季度净利润。

我和查理都认为,在评估长期期权时,布莱克—斯科尔斯期权定价公式产生了非常不相称的数值。两年前,我们通过签订股票买卖合同含蓄地宣称,我们的交易对手或其客户采用的布莱克—斯科尔斯期权定价公式运算有缺点。

但是,我们继续采用这个公式呈报财务报表,因为布莱克—斯科尔斯是公认的期权估价标准,几乎所有顶级商学院都开设这个课程。我们不得不按它计算,否则会受到指责,还会给审计带来难以解决的问题。因为我们的交易对手也采用此公式,如果双方的评估方法相差太大,审计就无法证明他们与我们评估的精确度。

审计和监管者借助于该定价公式的部分原因是它能提供精确的数字。我和查理认为,我们合同的实际负债远低于按该公式计算所得数值,但是我们拿不出准确的数字——我们提供的数字不可能比为政府雇员保险公司(GEICO)、伯灵顿北方圣菲铁路运输公司(BNSF)或伯克希尔哈撒韦公司提供的数值更精确。对此,我们并不担心,因为近似的正确好过精确的错误。

约翰肯尼思曾经俏皮地评论,经济学家最节省观点:他们在研究院学到的观点能用一辈子。上世纪七、八十年代,各大学金融系几乎都固执地坚持有效市场理论,轻蔑地称驳倒这一理论的有力事实为“反常现象”。(我一直喜欢这种解释:“地平说学会”(The Flat Earth Society)可能认为轮船环游地球令人讨厌、不合逻辑且不正常。)

我们需要重新审视大学教师把布莱克—斯科尔斯公式作为披露真相的现行方法来教授,也要重新审视大学教师详述期权定价的倾向。即使没有丝毫评价期权的能力,你一样可以成为非常成功的投资者。学生们应该学习的是如何评价一个企业,那才是与投资相关的一切。

下一页:别迷恋杠杆收益
 别迷恋杠杆收益

毫无疑问,有些人通过借钱投资成为巨富,但此类操作同样可能使你一贫如洗。杠杆操作成功的时候,你的收益成倍放大,配偶觉得你很聪明,邻居也艳羡不已。但它会使人上瘾,一旦你从中获益,就很难回到谨慎行事的老路上去。而我们在三年级(有些人在2008年金融危机中)都学到,不管多大的数字一旦乘以0 都会化为乌有。历史表明,无论操作者多么聪明,金融杠杆都很可能带来“0”。

对企业来说,金融杠杆也可能是致命的。许多负债累累的公司认为债务到期时可以靠继续融资解决,这种假定通常是正常的。可一旦企业本身或者全球信用出现危机,到期债务就必须如约清偿,届时只有现金才靠得住。

信贷就像氧气,供应充沛时,人们甚至不会加以注意。而一旦氧气或信贷紧缺,那就成了头等危机。即使短暂的信贷危机也可能使企业崩溃,事实上,2008年9月一夜之间席卷多个经济部门的信贷危机使整个美国都濒临崩溃。

我和查理芒格不会从事任何可能给伯克希尔带来丝毫威胁的活动。(我们俩加起来已经167岁,可不想“从头再来”。)我们永远铭记在心:你们,也就是我们的合伙人往往将毕生积蓄的很大一部分投入到本公司,信赖我们的谨慎管理。此外,一些重要的慈善活动也依赖于我们的审慎决定。最后,许多因事故致残的受害人依赖于我们的保险服务。如果为了追求额外的一点利润而使这么多人面临风险,那将是不负责任的。

我们伯克希尔公司承诺,将始终维持最少100亿美元的现金储备,为此我们通常都持有最少200亿美元现金。如此我们既可以承受前所未有的保险偿付(迄今为止最大的一笔保险偿付是因卡特里娜飓风带来的,高达30亿美元,对保险业来说是最昂贵的一次灾害),还能抓住收购或投资机会,即使金融危机也不会影响我们。

我们的现金主要以美国国库券形式存在,而避免持有利率略高几个基点的其他短期证券。商业债券和货币市场基金的脆弱性在2008年9月毕露无疑,而我们在此之前就长期坚持上述原则。

此外,伯克希尔过去40年来从未分红或回购股票,我们将所有的盈利都用于强化业务,现在月度盈利已超过10亿美元。在这40年中,我们的净资产从4800万美元增长至1570亿美元,没有任何其他美国公司像我们这样重视财务实力。

由于我们对利用金融杠杆持谨慎态度,我们的回报率略受影响,但拥有大量现金使我们得以安枕无忧。在偶尔爆发的经济危机中,其他公司都为生存而挣扎,而我们拥有充沛资金和精神准备去发动攻势。2008年雷曼兄弟破产后市场一片恐慌,而我们得以在25天内投资了156亿美元。